THE
FOLLOWING GUIDANCE IS AN EXCERPT FROM:
AIRPLANE UPSET RECOVERY
TRAINING AID REVISION 1 (URTA)
Industry Solutions
for Large Swept-Wing Turbofan Airplanes Typically
Seating More Than 100 Passengers |
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| APS Commentary:
Below APS has provided a
Ground Training and Flight Training Video
meeting the format and prioritization of the
URTA recovery procedures. At APS we
generally teach the Power-Push-Roll
technique applicable to pilots from General
Aviation through Transport Category
airplanes. In the URTA presentation below,
the technique is slightly modified to follow
the URTA flow of Push-Power-Roll. Regardless
of the specific order of the steps and
timing of the power/thrust decision, it is
critically important for the aircraft be
unloaded ("push" to reduce g-loading to less
than 1-G) prior to initiating any rolling
maneuvers to ensure you are protected from
the nose-high stall. In the ground training
session presented in this video, the
instructor recommends adding thrust in a
nose-high recovery. This is true in most all
aircraft except those with under-wing
mounted engines. With under-wing mounted
engines, reducing power when nose-high will
avoid contributing a nose-high moment from
adding thrust when nose-high at a low bank
angles. More background information on the
URTA can be found on the APS Web Site -
click here. Please take a moment to
submit your
feedback to APS on this clip.
PS: Don't miss
"The Incredible Floating Dog Clip"
at the end of this summary.
Unfortunately, it's only in High-Res
Windows Media Format (WMV) |
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AIRPLANE UPSET RECOVERY
TRAINING AID REVISION 1 (URTA)
SECTION 2 PAGE: 2-41
2.6.3.2 Nose-High, Wings-Level / Low-Bank
Recovery Techniques
Situation:
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Pitch attitude unintentionally more than
25 deg, nose high, and increasing.
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Airspeed decreasing rapidly.
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Ability to maneuver decreasing.
Start by disengaging the autopilot and
auto-throttle and recognize and confirm the
situation. Next, apply nose-down elevator to
achieve a nose-down pitch rate. This may
require as much as full nose-down input. If
a sustained column force is required to
obtain the desired response, consider
trimming off some of the control force.
However, it may be difficult to know how
much trim should be used; therefore, care
must be taken to avoid using too much trim.
Do not fly the airplane using pitch trim,
and stop trimming nose-down as the required
elevator force lessens. If at this point the
pitch rate is not immediately under control,
there are several additional techniques that
may be tried. The use of these techniques
depends on the circumstances of the
situation and the airplane control
characteristics. Pitch may be controlled by
rolling the airplane to a bank angle that
starts the nose down. The angle of
bank should not normally exceed
approximately 60 deg. Continuous nose-down
elevator pressure will keep the wing angle
of attack as low as possible, which will
make the normal roll controls effective.
With airspeed as low as the onset of the
stick shaker, or lower, up to full
deflection of the ailerons and spoilers can
be used. The rolling maneuver changes the
pitch rate into a turning maneuver, allowing
the pitch to decrease. In most situations,
these techniques should be enough to recover
the airplane from the nose-high, wings-level
upset. However, other techniques may also be
used to achieve a nose-down pitch rate. If
altitude permits, flight tests have shown
that an effective method for getting a
nose-down pitch rate is to reduce the power
on underwing-mounted engines. This reduces
the upward pitch moment. In fact, in some
situations for some airplane models, it may
be necessary to reduce thrust to prevent the
angle of attack from continuing to increase.
This usually results in the nose lowering at
higher speeds and a milder pitch-down. This
makes it easier to recover to level
flight. If control provided by the ailerons
and spoilers is ineffective, rudder input
may be required to induce a rolling maneuver
for recovery.
Only a small amount of rudder input is
needed. Too much rudder applied too
quickly or held too long may result in
loss of lateral and directional control.
Caution must be used when applying
rudder because of the low-energy
situation.
To complete the recovery, roll to wings
level, if necessary, as the nose approaches
the horizon. Recover to slightly nose-low
attitude to reduce the potential for
entering another upset. Check airspeed, and
adjust thrust and pitch as necessary.
Nose-high, wings-level / low-bank
recovery:
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Recognize and confirm the situation.
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Disengage autopilot and auto-throttle.
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Apply as much as full nose-down elevator.
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Use appropriate techniques:
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Roll to obtain a nose-down pitch
rate.
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Reduce thrust (underwing-mounted engines).
- Complete
the recovery:
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Approaching horizon, roll to wings
level.
- Check
airspeed, adjust thrust.
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Establish pitch attitude.
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| Question:
How credible is the AIRPLANE UPSET RECOVERY
TRAINING AID REVISION 1? Here's who wrote and endorsed it:
ABX Air, Inc., A.M. Carter Associates
(Institute for Simulation & Training).
Air Transport Association, Airbus, Air
Line Pilots Association, AirTran
Airways, Alaska Airlines, Inc., All
Nippon Airways Co., Ltd., Allied Pilots
Association, Aloha Airlines, Inc.,
American Airlines, Inc., American Trans
Air, Inc., Ansett Australia, Bombardier
Aerospace Training Center (Regional Jet
Training Center), British Airways,
Calspan Corporation, Cathay Pacific
Airways Limited, Cayman Airways, Ltd.,
Civil Aviation House, Continental
Airlines, Inc., Delta Air Lines, Inc.,
Deutsche Lufthansa AG, EVA Airways
Corporation, Federal Aviation
Administration, FlightSafety
International, Flight Safety Foundation,
Hawaiin Airlines, International Air
Transport Association, Japan Airlines
Co., Ltd., Lufthansa German Airlines,
Midwest Express Airlines, Inc., National
Transportation Safety Board, Northwest
Airlines, Inc., Qantas Airways, Ltd.,
SAS Flight Academy, Southwest Airlines,
The Boeing Company, Trans World
Airlines, Inc., United Air Lines, Inc.,
Upset Doamain Training Institute, US
Airways, Inc., Veridian Rev 1_August
2004 |
NOSE-HIGH
LOW-BANK RECOVERY
(Nose-High Unusual Attitude Recovery based on the
Airplane Upset Recovery Training Aid)
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